An oscilloscope is an electrical measuring instrument. In this one, we can graphically observe the magnitude of an electrical signal with respect to time.

The oscilloscope display consists of 2 axes, the X (horizontal) representing time, and the Y (vertical) axis representing voltage.They are mainly used to visualize transient phenomena as well as waveforms in electrical and electronic circuits.

It is widely used in circuit diagnosis, for example, a person who is dedicated to repairing televisions uses the oscilloscope to verify the signal that the different components of the television give him, since the waves found from the different points of the circuits are well defined, and by analyzing them we can easily diagnose what the operating problems are.

There are two different types of oscilloscopes:

• Analog oscilloscopes.

• Digital oscilloscopes.

Analog oscilloscopes.

In this type of oscilloscopes, their operation is based on the possibility of deflecting an electron beam through the creation of electric and magnetic fields. It’s operation is very simple, but with certain limitations inherent to it’s operation:

• The signals must be periodic.
• Very fast signals reduce brightness.
• Slow signals do not form a trace.
• You can only see transients if they are repetitive.

Digital oscilloscopes.

Nowadays analog oscilloscopes are being largely displaced by digital oscilloscopes, one of the main problems to overcome was the conversion speed since it is recommended to digitize a signal at a frequency 10 times more than that required to measure, This is if we have a 20MHz signal, we must have a team capable of obtaining data at 200M samples per second.

Digital oscilloscopes also provide certain advantages over analogs:

• Automatic measurement of a signal peak, maximum and minimum values. True effective value.
• Measurement of signal edges and other intervals.
• The capture of transients.
• Advanced calculations, such as FFT to calculate the spectrum of the signal. It is also used to measure voltage signals.

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